LESSON 01

be動詞の過去形

was not・were notで過去の状態を否定しよう

was・wereの後ろにnotを置き、wasn't・weren'tを含む過去の否定文を作る

was not・were notで過去の状態を否定しよう

このレッスンの役割と目標

ここまでで、過去の時間表現に合わせてwas・wereの肯定文を作れるようになりました。今回は、「〜ではなかった」「〜にいなかった」と否定します。

目標は、was・wereの直後へnotを置き、主語に合うwas not・were notを使えることです。一般動詞のdid notは使いません。

notはwas・wereのすぐ後ろ

肯定文 否定文 短縮形
I was busy. I was not busy. I wasn't busy.
They were here. They were not here. They weren't here.

現在のbe動詞と同じように、notをbe動詞の後ろへ置きます。

肯定から否定へ一か所だけ変える

was・wereの後ろへnotを置いて否定文を作る図 She was busyからwasの後ろにnotを入れてShe was not busyへ変え、They were at schoolからThey were not at schoolへ変える。 was / were の直後に not She was busy. notを追加 She was not busy. They were at school. notを追加 They were not at school. did not was / did not were にはしない

例題:意味と主語を先に見る

「私たちは昨日、忙しくありませんでした」を作ります。

  1. 主語Weにはwereを選びます。
  2. 過去の否定なのでwereの後ろへnotを置きます。
  3. busyとyesterdayを続けます。

We were not busy yesterday.

短縮するとWe weren't busy yesterday.です。

was notとwere notを選ぶ

Ken wasn't at the station.

Ken and Emi weren't at the station.

notの置き場所は同じですが、一人ならwasn't、二人ならweren'tです。

よくある間違い

They did not were at home.は、一般動詞の否定文と混ざっています。be動詞の文ではdidを足さず、They were not at home.とします。

She not was tired.も語順が違います。notはwasの後ろです。She was not tired.とします。

自分で確かめよう

確認1:I was happy.を否定文にしてください。I was not happy.またはI wasn't happy.です。
確認2:They were in the park.を否定文にしてください。They were not in the park.またはThey weren't in the park.です。
確認3:He did not was busy.を直してください。He was not busy.です。be動詞の否定にdidは使いません。

まとめと次の一歩

過去のbe動詞の否定文は、was・wereの直後へnotを置きます。wasn't・weren'tも使えますが、主語に合う形を先に選びます。

次は、Was・Wereを主語の前へ出して、過去の状態を質問します。

クイズと理解チェックは、アプリで挑戦できます。